[Exam Date: May 13, 2023]
Choose the correct prepositions for the following sentence:
1. It is okay to have your eggs ___ one basket as long as you control what happens ___ that basket.
a) under, in
b) in, to
c) inside, at
d) on, into
Ans: b) in, to
[ in or inside?
In is mainly used to express a location or a time period. It does not indicate an enclosed place or area. Inside, on the other hand, is generally used to indicate an enclosed or surrounded area, place or thing.
In the given sentence, it is acceptable to use ‘inside one basket’. However, it feels more natural to use ‘in one basket’. This could be because a basket can be both enclosed (from all sides) and not enclosed (without cover). We use inside where there is no possibility of getting outside the specified area.
➜ They have been living in that building since 2010.
➜ They were trapped inside that burning building.
Happen to = If something happens to someone or something, it means it has an effect on him, her, or it.
➜ What has happened to him? (Meaning there is something wrong with him.)
➜ What has happened to my pen? (Meaning the pen is not being found. It could be either lost or stolen.)]
Fill in the blanks with the suitable verb form:
2. It is how you deal with failure that ____ how you achieve success.
a) determines
b) have determined
c) determined
d) determining
Ans: a) determines
[ It is how you deal with failure that determines how you achieve success = তুমি কিভাবে তোমার ব্যর্থতাকে সামলে নাও সেটা তোমার সাফল্যকে নির্ধারণ করে।
The given statement is philosophical or eternal (চিরন্তন) in nature. This kind of sentence follows the structure of present indefinite tense. Besides, since the verbs (it is how you deal) in the first part of the sentence are in present form, keeping similarity the following part should also include verb with present form.]
3. We ____ enough time now if you hadn’t preferred to take the longer route.
a) would have
b) would have had
c) had had
d) would be having
Ans: b) would have had
[ The question covers the area of “conditional sentences” or, more precisely third conditional sentences.
The third conditional is used to express the past consequence of an unrealistic action or situation where both the condition and result are now impossible to happen or, it is too late.
Examples:
➜ He would have passed the exam if he had worked harder. (But he didn’t work hard, and he didn’t pass the exam.)
➜ I would have believed you if you hadn’t lied to me before. (But you lied to me before. So, I didn’t believe you.)
** To make a sentence in the third conditional, we use-
Sub + would/wouldn’t have + past participle (verb3)+ if + past perfect clause.]
4. What is the meaning of the idiom ‘storm in a teacup’?
a) A burning issue about the country
b) Great excitement about something trivial
c) A local issue of immense significance
d) Lack of excitement about something non-controversial
Ans: b) Great excitement about something trivial (তুচ্ছ, নগণ্য)
[ storm in a teacup = a situation in which people are very angry or upset about something that is not important.
➜ His anger was unreasonable, a storm in a teacup.
➜ I think this is all a storm in a teacup, and there is nothing to worry about.]
5. Where is ___ source of ___ Nile?
a) the, the
b) a, a
c) a, the
d) the, a
Ans: a) the, the
[ The definite article (the) is used before a noun to indicate that the identity of the noun is known to the reader. The indefinite article (a, an) is used before a noun that is general or when its identity is not known.
In this given question, the river Nile is a proper noun (while river is a common noun). Generally, we do not use an article with a proper noun. However, we use the definite article with a proper noun that includes or refers to geographical terms such as river, ocean, bridge, region etc.
Incorrect: Amazon River, Atlantic Ocean, Harvard Bridge.
Correct: The Amazon River, The Atlantic Ocean, The Harvard Bridge.]
Identify the correct answer from the options available in questions (6 – 9):
6. That’s the gentleman ____ I spoke about the job.
a) whom
b) to who
c) of whom
d) to whom
Ans: d) to whom
[ That’s the gentleman to whom I spoke about the job = উনি সেই ভদ্রলোক যার কাছে আমি চাকরির বিষয়ে কথা বলেছিলাম।
who or whom?
If you find it confusing in selecting between who and whom, a good trick is to see if you can replace the words with he / she. If so, go with who. If him / her is a better fit, opt for whom.
➜ I actually knew (who/whom) the employer would select.
= The employer would select him or her (not he or she).
Therefore, whom is the correct pick here – “I actually knew whom the employer would select.”
➜ I can reveal the name (who/whom) has stolen the pen.
= He or she (not him or her) has stolen the pen.
Therefore, choosing who is the right option here – “I can reveal the name who has stolen the pen.”
Let’s use this trick in the given question-
➜ That’s the gentleman (to who / to whom) I spoke about the job.
= I spoke about the job to he him (the gentleman).]
7. Three-fourths of the earth’s surface ______.
a) are covered by water
b) is covered by water
c) covers the water
d) covering by water
Ans: b) is covered by water
[ “Three-fourths” singular or plural?
Three-fourths can be singular or plural depending on the form of the noun. Followed by a singular countable noun or an uncountable noun three-fourths is singular. However, we assume three-fourths as plural when the fraction is followed by a plural countable noun.
➜ Three-fourths of the books have been sold.
➜ Three-fourths of the book has been read.
➜ Three-fourths of the cakes have been eaten.
➜ Three-fourths of the cake has been eaten.
In case of uncountable noun three-fourths is always singular.
➜ Three-fourths of the homework is enough to pass.
➜ Three-fourths of the information has been retrieved.
In the given question, earth’s surface is an uncountable noun. Therefore, it is to be followed by a singular verb (is here).]
8. The doctor suggested that the patient ____ weight.
a) should losing
b) loss
c) lose
d) would lost
Ans: c) lose
[ The given sentence is an example of “subjunctive mood”. The subjunctive mood is a verb form used to refer to a hypothetical (অনুমানমূলক) scenario or to express a wish, suggestion, command, demand, recommendation etc. Verbs in the present subjunctive do not follow subject-verb agreement. Instead, they take the infinitive form (base verb).
Examples:
➜ Command = I command (that) he leave (leaves) the room.
➜ Suggest = I suggested that Fahim take (took / would take) the umbrella.
➜ Insist = I insisted that he finish (finished / would finish) the task.
➜ Recommend = I recommend she stop (stops) talking.
➜ Demand = I demand she have (has) a chance.
➜ Propose = I propose she sing (sings) a song.
Past subjunctive:
➜ Wish = I wish I were (was) a king.
➜ Wish = I wish I lived (live) in New York city.
Subjunctive with modal / conditional:
➜ If I were (was) a millionaire, I would buy a car.
➜ If I were (was) you, I would not do that.]
9. Gopal is walking ____ the road ____ Sunday.
a) on, on
b) across. on
c) in, in
d) on, at
Ans: a) on, on
[ on the road vs in the road
On the road has the meaning of “travelling (normally) to a destination”. If an object is in the road, it conveys danger or presents a hazard to other road users.
Example:
➜ I wanted to drive quickly but there was a flock of sheep in the road.
The preposition ‘on‘ is used to refer to a particular day or date, such as on Friday, on May 25th.]
10. Which one of the following words has been wrongly spelled?
a) nauseous
b) sentimental
c) liquefy
d) meniscule
Ans: d) meniscule
[ nauseous = গা-গোলানো, বমি উদ্রেককারী;
sentimental = সংবেদনশীল;
liquefy = তরল করা, দ্রবীভূত করা;
minuscule = অতি ক্ষুদ্র, পুঁচকে ]
11. Choose the correct synonym of ‘indifferent’.
a) similar
b) contrasting
c) apathetic
d) concerning
Ans: c) apathetic
[ indifferent = উদাসীন;
similar = অনুরূপ;
contrasting = বিপরীত;
apathetic = উদাসীন;
concerning = উদ্বিগ্ন করার মতো ]
12. Choose the correct antonym of the word ‘notable’.
a) insignificant
b) remarkable
c) illustrious
d) impartial
Ans: a) insignificant
[ notable = উল্লেখযোগ্য
insignificant = গুরুত্বহীন
remarkable = উল্লেখযোগ্য
illustrious = প্রসিদ্ধ, উজ্জ্বল
impartial = নিরপেক্ষ ]
** In total, 20 marks were allotted for English section in DU C Unit (2022-23) exam, of which written parts were included worth 8 marks.
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